Neuromuscular Alteration in the Human Soleus Muscle During and After a Fatiguing 800 m Run

..................................................................................................................................................... 2 Preface ....................................................................................................................................................... 3 Reader guidelines ...................................................................................................................................... 4 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................... 6 Theory ........................................................................................................................................................ 8 The H-reflex ........................................................................................................................................... 8 The V-wave .......................................................................................................................................... 11 Peripheral supramaximal stimulation .................................................................................................. 11 Transcranial magnetic stimulation ...................................................................................................... 12 Method .................................................................................................................................................... 13 Subjects ................................................................................................................................................ 13 Experimental setup .............................................................................................................................. 13 800 m running protocol ....................................................................................................................... 14 Stimulation procedures ....................................................................................................................... 14 EMG recordings ................................................................................................................................... 15 Force measurements ........................................................................................................................... 16 Data analysis ........................................................................................................................................ 16 Statistical analysis ................................................................................................................................ 17 Results ...................................................................................................................................................... 18 Discussion ................................................................................................................................................ 25 Neuromuscular fatigue ........................................................................................................................ 25 Peripheral fatigue ................................................................................................................................ 25 Spinal modulation ................................................................................................................................ 26 Supraspinal modulation ....................................................................................................................... 27 Methodical considerations .................................................................................................................. 28 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................................... 30 Perspectives ............................................................................................................................................. 30 References ............................................................................................................................................... 32 Appendix 1 Manuscript Draft ................................................................................................................. 36 Appendix 2 Ethical approval (in Danish) ................................................................................................ 46 Appendix 3 Thesis Summary (in Danish) ................................................................................................ 58